What to Play as White

b4 or e4, intending the Sokolsky or Danish


When having the advantage of the first move, it is often difficult to decide which move to play. The classic e4 is an option, and yet Black's replies are many and require an enormous amount of preparation beyond perhaps even the grandmaster's available time. The same could be said of d4. While the Knight move Nf3 has possibilities, it often transposes into other lines, thus failing to give the White player a focus from the first move. The same could be said of Nc3. The initial c4 opens the door to the many lines of the English, and the moves a3/a4 or h3/h4 are perhaps too timid, unless you find yourself playing Paul Morphy.
There are nine pawn moves remaining, and of them (b3/b4, c3, d3, e3, f3/f4, g3/g4) only three, perhaps, identify an independent system. Bird's attack is appealing but well-known and opens White's kingside, Larsen's Attack requires, for many, too much patience. A first move we enjoy is b4, known commonly as the Polish Opening or Attack (being the opposite of the Polish Defense, b5), although it has also been known by the moniker of the Russian who analyzed it, Sokolsky. The opening could even be called the "St. George Reversed" (also known as the Bugayev Attack, who was playing it long before Sokolsky, although technically the Bugayev insists initially upon the move a3 to bolster the b-pawn, whereas the Polish/Sokolsky approach was to push the pawn to b5 and out of harm's way...and into Black's intimate queenside) and as such fits within a complete opening system: St. George with the Black pieces, Polish or Sokolsky (or Bugayev!) with the White. It is this dual purpose that makes us favor it over b3 (b6 as a broad defense for Black?) or f4 (f5 as a broad defense?).
One should always have room for variety in the opening repertoire, but cultivating variety takes time, as does learning the nuances of a chosen new opening. I devote a lot of my chess time to playing the St. George on defense, and some of it to playing the Sokolsky on offense, although I would probably play 1)e4 more often if the Centre-Counter and St. George didn't exist! Lately, I've been into the Danish Opening, so you may see me play e4 a little more often. But, again, playing e4 opens the door for a variety of defenses.
Using an opening from both sides of the board cannot help but improve your play from both sides of the board with that opening. It is difficult, however, to find openings that let you "call the game" from either side of the board. The Bugayev/St. George combination is one example, and the Center Game/Centre-Counter perhaps another. Find such a combination and it may be provide you with your complete opening system! You must decide whether the fact that these openings are perhaps less potent than other, more traditional, choices is balanced by the fact that you get to see the same positions as Black and White. You do not necessarily get an advantage by using the Bugayev or Sokolsky, but you do get familiarity. In short, does the middle game have anything to do with winning, or are the first eight or nine moves all it takes?

While the move b4 will hardly make Black shake in his boots, there are only a few responses that fit into any scheme of defense, and White will either find the game progressing according to plan or will find his opponent making relatively disorganized moves. If you play Nf3 before b4, you really have a nearly traditional opening, known as Santasiere's Folly. The only problematic move by Black in response to this method of opening is 1...c5, in which case White can play a pseudo-gambit with b4. Black will lose a lot time trying to hold on to the pawn. Also, 1...g6 can be met with b4, and if 2...Bg7 then White can answer d4, intending c4 with a rather traditional big-center set-up. For more ideas see lines of the Modern Defense or King's Indian Defense, although keep in mind that the queenside fianchetto is not normally a part of them.

Just as the St. George can be used in response to almost any White opening move, so can the Bugayev allow almost any response by Black. (I use Bugayev here, next page I may use a different label. All the opening's developers deserve credit!) Also, the player of the St. George will find that many of the early moves for both sides look hauntingly familiar. The colors are most likely different, but the thoughts are the same. Keep in mind that you can have a game in which Black plays the St. George against the St. George Reversed! The themes which underlie the St. George obviously support the Bugayev as well, or perhaps we should state that the other way around. Below you'll find beginning lines of all possible responses by Black (not, of course, all lines of possible play) along with comments and evaluations. In the various notes and comments and bits and pieces that one collects over the years, there are to be found quite a few unclear lines that have been designated as such by Sokolsky. For a "non-traditional" opening, the Sokolsky has a lot of literature available, if one looks. Not voluminous, as one might encounter when researching the Queen's Gambit, but varied and intriguing. Throughout the years, the Sokolsky (or the Orangutan, as Tartakower dubbed it), has been played by and against some of the game's most renowned figures. It may also be seen as Santisiere's Folly, opening with Nf3 first, to prevent Black's e5. Upon 1)Nf3, however, White has no guarantee that Black will not play 1)...c5, but we can handle this as well. Many games are available in which the "Sokolsky-delayed" is played, with b4 only being used as the third or fourth move. In any case, traspositions are common and starting with 1)b4 is hardly a sign of weakness. Please send your games or lines to us to improve everyone's study of this opening!
1)b4 e5
This is the best response by Black. Stake out some center space and threaten, at least for one move, White's b-pawn. [Playing ...d5 in response poses no special problems, nor does 1)Nf3 Nf6 2)b4 d5]
2)Bb2 f6
White now aims at the Black e-pawn while placing the Bishop on the long diagonal. Black can protect the pawn, as here, or can decide to swap pawns with 2)...Bxb4, 3)Bxe5 Nf6 and White is probably best bringing the Bishop home with 4)Bb2, although 4)e3 is harmless and c3 interesting. Of course a3 is expected, but with the b-pawn gone it looks wasteful early. Playing 3)e4 is a known line, but White is probably best playing e4 first if he wants to play e4; that is, we don't think "backing in" to e4 via the Sokolsky is needed.
3)b5 d5
4)e3 Be6
5)d4 e4
6)Nd2 c6
7)a4 Bd6
8)c4 f5
9)Nh3 Nh6
10)Qb3 0-0
11)Ba3
evaluated as unclear by Sokolsky himself.
b4 e5
Bb7 f6
a3
or...
b4 e5
a3 g6
or...
b4 e6
None of which are unusual or especially troublesome.
b4 Nf6
Bb2 e6
a3 d5
c3 Bd6
[4)e3 Bb7 5)Nf3 Be7 6)Be2 0-0 7)0-0, about equal] e3 0-0
d4 a5
Nf3 a5xb4
a3xb4 a8xa1
b2xa1 b6
Slightly better for Black at the moment. Obviously, when Black plays 1)...Nf6, there are many options.
b4 d5
Bb2 Nf6
e3 e6
White can push the b-pawn now, or wait. The 1)...d5 lines are fairly quiet.
b4 Nc6?
b5! Na5/Nb4/Ne5/Nd4/Nb8
Black will be pre-occupied with the awkward Knight.
b4 c6
Bb2 Qb6
White may see ...Qd6 played, but this doesn't give Black any great benefit.
a3 a5
c4 axb4
c5 Qc7
axb4 Ra1
Ba1 Nf6
e3 g6
Nc3 d5
White is slightly better, and seems to do well overall in the ...c6 lines.
b4 a5
b5 Nf6
Bb2 d6
e3 g6
d4 Bg7
Nf3 0-0
c4 c5
Nc3 cd4
ed4 Qc7
Be2 Be6
Nd2 Bh6
d5 Bc8
0-0 Nbd7
Nde4 Bg7
Equal, from Sokolski-Lujk, 1957
1)b4 c5
A pointless gambit by Black.
2)bxc5 e5
With normal development White is fine, although
3)d4! looks tempting.
b4 d6 or...
b4 g5 or...
b4 h6 or...
b4 h5 or...
b4 a6 or...
b4 b6 or...
b4 f6 or...
b4 f5 or...
b4 Na6 or...
b4 Nh6
pose no problems unique to the first move.
While 1)...b5 is novel and prevents the push of the b-pawn, it hardly puts White on the defensive, and the extra move is comforting.
b4 b5
e3 a6
...or
b4 b5
e3 c6
...or
b4 b5
e3 e6/e5
and White holds a slight edge in all due to the extra move, which makes pursuing a "St. George" set-up enjoyable.
If,
b4 b5
e3 e6
Bxb5 Bxb4
White strikes with
Qg4!